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| Field | Value |
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| Citation | Akbar, M.J. "Introduction" in The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict Between Islam and Christianity. (New York: Routledge, 2002), xv-xx. |
| Topic 1 | Religion and Conflict |
| Topic 2 | Religious Ideology |
| Topic 3 | |
| Country | |
| Abstract | In this opening discussion, the author describes the purpose of his book as an effort to interpret and synthesize Islamic text and history to clarify the concept of jihad. He points to the failure of today's Muslim rulers and governments to create a sustainable representative system of government or cooperate in restoring the caliphate. Many Muslims are convinced that they cannot rely on their government leaders - who are seen today as unrepresentative, undemocratic, and evasive about the needs and demands of the community - to protect their faith. Jihad is permitted against the infidel; it is compulsory against the apostate - he who turns back after guidance has been shown him - and against all those who support an apostate Muslim state (including Christian Europe and the United States). |
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